7 Types of Rowing Machines: Which is Best for You

If you are looking for a rowing machine but have no idea in mind what type of home rower you should buy, then do not worry. Here we have made this buyer's guide to help you understand and find the rowing machine that fits you most. 

We all know the benefits of rowing machines. But as Merachfit's Head Product Engineer with over 15 years in fitness equipment design, I've had the opportunity to test, analyze, and develop virtually every type of rowing machine on the market. What I've learned is that choosing the right rowing machine isn't just about budget—it's about matching the machine's unique features to your specific fitness goals, space constraints, and personal preferences.

In this comprehensive guide, I'll walk you through the seven main types of rowing machines available today, highlighting their distinct mechanisms, advantages, limitations, and ideal user profiles. Whether you're looking for your first home fitness investment or upgrading your existing setup, understanding these differences will help you make a decision that supports your long-term fitness journey.

Why Rowing Machine Type Matters for Your Fitness Journey

Before diving into the specific types, it's important to understand why the resistance mechanism matters. The resistance system affects:

• The feel of your rowing stroke: Some machines provide a sensation that closely mimics water rowing, while others offer a more mechanical experience
• Noise level: Critical for apartment dwellers or those who exercise early morning/late evening
• Maintenance requirements: Some machines need regular attention, while others are virtually maintenance-free
• Size and storage options: Different mechanisms have varying footprints and folding capabilities
• Resistance range: Whether you're a beginner or elite athlete, the resistance ceiling affects your long-term satisfaction
• Cost and durability: The mechanism is often the largest determinant of both price and lifespan

Let's explore each type in detail to help you find your perfect match.

1. Air Resistance Rowing Machines

How They Work: Air rowers use a flywheel with fan blades that create wind resistance when you pull. The harder you pull, the more resistance you generate—creating a natural, self-regulated workout experience.

Advantages of Air Rowing Machines

• Responsive resistance: The resistance automatically adjusts to your effort level
• Unlimited resistance ceiling: Perfect for high-intensity workouts and advanced athletes
• Smooth rowing action: Provides consistent resistance throughout the stroke
• Accurate performance metrics: Most models offer precise data on power output
• Durability: Typically last 7-10+ years with minimal maintenance

Limitations of Air Rowing Machines

• Noise level: The fan generates considerable noise (typically 70-85 decibels)
• Size: Generally have a larger footprint than other types
• Mid-to-high price range: Quality air rowers typically start around $700
• Limited resistance adjustability: While they self-adjust to effort, the base resistance can only be changed via damper settings

Best For

• Serious fitness enthusiasts who want performance metrics
• HIIT workout fans who need responsive resistance
• Taller users who benefit from longer rails
• Cross-training athletes looking for full-body conditioning

Popular Models

• Concept2 Model D/E ($900-1,100)
• Assault Fitness AirRower Elite ($999)
• Merachfit R50 ($639)

Our Insight: Air rowers remain the gold standard for serious rowing enthusiasts and competitive athletes due to their unlimited resistance ceiling and performance tracking. If you have the space and don't mind some noise, they offer the best long-term value.

 

2. Magnetic Resistance Rowing Machines

How They Work: Magnetic rowers use magnets positioned near a metal flywheel. As you adjust the resistance level, the magnets move closer to or further from the flywheel, creating more or less resistance without any actual contact.

Advantages of Magnetic Rowing Machines

• Nearly silent operation: Perfect for shared living spaces or night workouts
• Consistent resistance levels: Maintains the same resistance regardless of pulling speed
• Low maintenance: Few moving parts means minimal upkeep
• Compact design: Many models offer vertical storage options
• Digital resistance control: Many models offer push-button or automatic program-controlled resistance

Limitations of Magnetic Rowing Machines

• Less natural feel: The resistance doesn't increase with effort as it would on water
• Resistance ceiling: May not challenge advanced athletes
• Less smooth action: Some budget models have a slightly jerky feel at the end of strokes
• Variable quality: Performance differs significantly between budget and premium models

Best For

• Apartment dwellers needing quiet workouts
• Early morning/late night exercisers with sleeping family members
• Beginners to intermediate rowers who prefer precise resistance settings
• Tech-savvy users who appreciate digital controls and programming

Popular Models

• Merachfit R15 ($639)
• NordicTrack RW900 ($1,599)
• Sunny Health & Fitness Magnetic Rowing Machine ($250-400)

Expert Insight: "If noise is your primary concern, a quality magnetic rower is your best option. Just be sure to invest in a model with sufficient resistance range to support your long-term progression. Budget magnetic rowers under $300 often disappoint serious users within months."

Find out more about our Magnetic rowing machines.

3. Water Resistance Rowing Machines

How They Work: Water rowers use a paddle spinning in a tank of water to create resistance. As you pull harder, the paddle moves faster through the water, creating more resistance—similar to the self-regulating nature of air rowers but with a different feel.

Advantages of Water Rowing Machines

• Most natural rowing feel: Closely mimics the sensation of rowing on water
• Soothing water sound: Creates a meditative, pleasant audio experience
• Self-regulating resistance: Automatically adjusts to your effort level
• Aesthetic appeal: Often feature beautiful wooden construction that complements home décor
• Smooth rowing motion: Water provides consistent resistance throughout the stroke

Limitations of Water Rowing Machines

• Weight: Water adds significant weight (typically 15-20 pounds of water)
• Maintenance: Requires occasional water treatment to prevent algae
• Price point: Quality water rowers typically start around $800
• Potential for leaks: Though rare, tank issues can occur without proper care
• Temperature sensitivity: Performance can vary slightly with water temperature

Best For

• Design-conscious home users who want equipment that complements their décor
• Former on-water rowers seeking the most authentic indoor experience
• Meditative exercisers who appreciate the rhythmic water sounds
• Mid-to-advanced level athletes looking for smooth resistance progression

Popular Models

• WaterRower Natural ($1,095-1,495)
• Merachfit R28 ($409)
• Ergatta ($2,199)

Expert Insight: "Water rowers offer the most aesthetically pleasing and authentic rowing experience. They're particularly appealing to those who view their workout as a mindfulness practice and want equipment that doubles as a design piece. The natural wood construction of premium models allows them to blend into home environments beautifully."

Find out more about our water rowing machines.

4. Hydraulic Resistance Rowing Machines

How They Work: Hydraulic rowers use pistons filled with air or fluid that provide resistance when compressed. As you pull the handles, you work against the hydraulic pressure in the pistons.

Advantages of Hydraulic Rowing Machines

• Compact size: Typically the smallest footprint of all rower types
• Budget-friendly: Often the most affordable option, starting around $100
• Quiet operation: Generate minimal noise during use
• Highly portable: Lightweight and easy to move
• Adjustable resistance: Manual adjustment allows for workout customization

Limitations of Hydraulic Rowing Machines

• Less fluid motion: Tends to create a more segmented rowing experience
• Inconsistent resistance: Pistons heat up during use, changing resistance levels
• Limited durability: Typically have the shortest lifespan (2-3 years with regular use)
• Restricted range of motion: Often doesn't allow for full, natural rowing technique
• Maintenance needs: Pistons may need replacement after extended use

Best For

• Space-constrained users with minimal storage area
• Budget-conscious beginners trying rowing for the first time
• Occasional exercisers who won't use it heavily
• Apartment dwellers with strict space limitations

Popular Models

• Sunny Health & Fitness SF-RW1205 ($85-120)
• Stamina Body Trac Glider 1050 ($120-170)
• 950 Merachfit Hydraulic Rower ($699)

Expert Insight: "While hydraulic rowers can't match the performance of other types, they serve an important purpose in making rowing accessible to those with severe space or budget constraints. They're perfect for testing whether you enjoy rowing before investing in a higher-end machine."

Find more about our hydraulic rowing machines.

5. Hybrid Air/Magnetic Resistance Rowing Machines

How They Work: These innovative machines combine both air and magnetic resistance systems, allowing users to experience the natural feel of air resistance with the adjustability and quieter operation of magnetic resistance.

Advantages of Hybrid Rowing Machines

• Best of both worlds: Natural feel with precise resistance control
• Quieter than pure air rowers: The magnetic component reduces noise
• Higher resistance ceiling: Surpasses most pure magnetic models
• Versatile workout experience: Can emphasize either resistance type based on preference
• Excellent for multi-user households: Accommodates varying fitness levels and preferences

Limitations of Hybrid Rowing Machines

• Higher price point: Premium technology comes at a cost (typically $1,000+)
• Complexity: More components mean more potential maintenance issues
• Size: Generally require similar space to air rowers
• Weight: Typically heavier than single-resistance-type machines

Best For

• Serious fitness enthusiasts who want precise control and natural feel
• Multi-user households with varying fitness levels
• Users seeking quieter operation without sacrificing performance
• Long-term investors looking for versatility and room to grow

Popular Models

• NordicTrack RW900 ($1,599)
• Merachfit R15  ($255)
• ProForm 750R ($999)

Expert Insight: "Hybrid rowers represent the cutting edge of rowing machine technology. They're ideal for dedicated users who want the authentic feel of air resistance but need the quiet operation and precise control of magnetic systems. While the price point is higher, the versatility often justifies the investment for serious users."

Find out more about our Magnetic rowing machines.

6. Electro-Magnetic Air Resistance (EMAR) Rowing Machines

How They Work: EMAR rowers use a sophisticated combination of air resistance with electromagnetic braking systems that provide digitally-controlled, dynamic resistance. This allows for both the natural feel of air resistance and precise digital control.

Advantages of EMAR Rowing Machines

• Digitally controlled resistance: Allows for automated training programs
• Natural feel with precise control: Combines responsive air feel with exact resistance settings
• Advanced performance metrics: Typically feature comprehensive data tracking
• Automated programs: Often include trainer-led workouts and adaptive programs
• Premium user experience: Usually feature larger displays and immersive content

Limitations of EMAR Rowing Machines

• Premium price point: Typically start at $1,500+
• Requires power source: Dependent on electricity to function fully
• Complex technology: More sophisticated components may require specialized service
• Subscription costs: Many models require ongoing content subscriptions for full functionality

Best For

• Tech-savvy fitness enthusiasts who value data and guided workouts
• Results-oriented users who benefit from structured programming
• Those motivated by immersive content and virtual coaching
• Serious athletes looking for precise training control

Popular Models

• Hydrow ($2,195)
• Ergatta ($2,199)
  

Expert Insight: "EMAR rowers represent the premium segment of the market, offering an unmatched combination of performance and technology. The initial investment and potential subscription costs are substantial, but for those who value guided workouts and immersive experiences, these machines provide unparalleled engagement that can significantly improve adherence."

7. Dual Rail Rowing Machines

How They Work: Dual rail rowers feature two parallel rails that support the seat, providing enhanced stability compared to single-rail models. They can use any of the resistance types mentioned above.

Advantages of Dual Rail Rowing Machines

• Superior stability: Eliminates side-to-side wobble
• Higher weight capacity: Typically support 350-500 pounds
• Better for larger users: Provide more secure seating and support
• Longer lifespan: Added stability reduces wear on components
• Smoother gliding action: Twin rails create consistent seat travel

Limitations of Dual Rail Rowing Machines

• Larger footprint: Typically wider than single-rail models
• Heavier construction: Less portable than single-rail equivalents
• Higher price point: Command a premium over single-rail versions
• Less common: Fewer options available on the market

Best For

• Larger or heavier users needing additional support
• Those seeking maximum stability during intense workouts
• Long-term investors prioritizing durability
• Users with balance concerns who benefit from enhanced stability

Popular Models

• Concept2 Dynamic Rower ($1,350)
  
• First Degree Fitness Viking 3 ($1,699)

Expert Insight: "Dual rail systems offer substantial benefits in stability and durability, particularly for heavier users or those performing high-intensity workouts. The additional investment typically pays for itself through longer machine lifespan and reduced maintenance needs."

Comparing Key Factors Across Rowing Machine Types

To help you quickly compare the essential characteristics of each rowing machine type, I've created this comparative chart based on my testing experience and feedback from thousands of Merachfit customers:

Feature	Air	Magnetic	Water	Hydraulic	Hybrid	EMAR	Dual Rail
Noise Level	High	Very Low	Moderate	Low	Moderate	Moderate	Varies by resistance
Feel Authenticity	High	Moderate	Very High	Low	High	High	Varies by resistance
Resistance Range	Unlimited	Limited	High	Limited	Very High	Very High	Varies by resistance
Maintenance	Low	Very Low	Moderate	High	Moderate	Moderate	Low
Size/Footprint	Large	Medium	Large	Small	Large	Large	Extra Large
Storage Options	Moderate	Good	Limited	Excellent	Limited	Limited	Limited
Price Range	$700-1,200	$250-1,600	$800-2,200	$100-300	$1,000-1,800	$1,500-2,500	$1,200-2,500
Typical Lifespan	7-10+ years	5-7 years	7-10+ years	2-3 years	5-8 years	5-8 years	8-12+ years

How to Choose the Right Rowing Machine Type for You

With so many options available, focusing on these key factors will help narrow your selection:

1. Space Considerations

Limited Space (Under 30 sq ft):

• Hydraulic rowers
• Compact magnetic rowers with vertical storage

Medium Space (30-50 sq ft):

• Folding magnetic rowers
• Standard air rowers
• Some water rowers

Generous Space (50+ sq ft):

• Premium water rowers
• EMAR/Smart rowers
• Dual rail systems

Expert Tip: "Always add at least 2 feet of clearance on all sides to the machine's footprint for comfortable use. For foldable models, verify both the in-use and storage dimensions."

2. Budget Alignment

Entry-Level ($100-300):

• Hydraulic rowers
• Basic magnetic rowers

Mid-Range ($300-800):

• Quality magnetic rowers
• Budget air rowers

Premium ($800-1,500):

• High-quality air rowers
• Standard water rowers
• Entry-level hybrid rowers

Luxury ($1,500+):

• EMAR smart rowers
• Premium water rowers
• Professional-grade dual rail systems

Expert Tip: "When budgeting, factor in potential subscription costs for smart rowers and the long-term value of durability. A $1,000 machine that lasts 10 years is ultimately more economical than a$300 machine that needs replacement after 2-3 years."

Find out more details about the rowing machine's buyer's guide 

3. Fitness Goals Alignment

Weight Loss Focus:

• Air rowers (for high-intensity capability)
• EMAR rowers (for guided programming)
• Hybrid rowers (for workout variety)

Endurance Training:

• Air rowers
• Water rowers
• Quality magnetic rowers

Technique Development:

• Water rowers (most natural feel)
• Air rowers (responsive feedback)
• Dual rail rowers (stability for form work)

Rehabilitation/Low Impact:

• Magnetic rowers (precise resistance control)
• Water rowers (smooth action)
• Hybrid rowers (adjustable challenge)

Expert Tip: "Consider your longest-term goals, not just your current fitness level. Many beginners outgrow entry-level machines quickly as they progress, leading to unnecessary replacement costs."

4. Home Rower Considerations

Noise Sensitivity:

• Magnetic (quietest)
• Hydraulic (very quiet)
• Water (moderate with pleasant sound)
• Avoid: Air (loudest)

Multi-User Households:

• Hybrid rowers (versatile resistance)
• EMAR rowers (programmable profiles)
• Air rowers (unlimited ceiling)
• Avoid: Hydraulic (limited durability with heavy use)

Aesthetic Concerns:

• Water rowers (especially wooden models)
• Premium EMAR rowers
• Avoid: Industrial-looking air rowers if aesthetics matter

Expert Tip: "For homes with multiple users of different fitness levels, prioritize machines with wide resistance ranges and easy adjustability. The ability to quickly switch between user profiles is invaluable in shared settings."

Our Real User Experiences with Different Rowing Machine Types

To provide real-world context, here are experiences from actual Merachfit customers with different rowing machine types:

"After using a hydraulic rower for my first year, upgrading to an air rower transformed my workouts. The difference in smoothness and resistance range made rowing enjoyable rather than a chore. I wish I'd invested in the air rower from the start—it would have actually saved money in the long run."
— Michael T., former hydraulic rower user, now using an air rower

"As an apartment dweller with noise-sensitive neighbors, my magnetic rower has been perfect. I can row at 5am without disturbing anyone, and the compact storage means it disappears when not in use. For my situation, it's the only practical option."
— Sarah L., magnetic rower owner for 3 years

"Our water rower sits prominently in our living room and always gets compliments. The peaceful sound of water actually makes rowing meditative, and I find myself using it more consistently than any other equipment I've owned. Worth every penny for both function and form."
— James and Rebecca K., water rower owners for 4 years

"The hybrid air/magnetic rower offers the perfect balance for our family. I can use the air function for my HIIT workouts, while my wife prefers the consistent magnetic resistance for her steady-state sessions. It's like having two machines in one."
— David M., hybrid rower owner for 2 years

Maintenance Considerations by Rowing Machine Type

Proper maintenance significantly extends the lifespan of your investment. Here are the key maintenance requirements for each type:

Air Rowers

• Regular: Wipe down rail and handle after use
• Weekly: Vacuum flywheel housing to remove dust
• Monthly: Check chain for lubrication (if applicable)
• Annually: Inspect for loose bolts, lubricate chain

Magnetic Rowers

• Regular: Wipe down rail and handle after use
• Monthly: Inspect for loose bolts
• Annually: Check belt tension (if applicable)

Water Rowers

• Regular: Wipe down rail and handle after use
• Monthly: Check water clarity, add purification tablet if needed
• Every 6 months: Change water completely
• Annually: Inspect tank seals and connections

Hydraulic Rowers

• Regular: Wipe down rail and handle after use
• Weekly: Check pistons for leakage
• Monthly: Inspect for loose bolts
• Every 6-12 months: Replace pistons as needed

Hybrid and EMAR Rowers

• Regular: Wipe down rail and handle after use
• Weekly: Vacuum flywheel housing if accessible
• Monthly: Check all connections and electronic interfaces
• Annually: Professional inspection recommended

Dual Rail Rowers

• Regular: Wipe down both rails after use
• Weekly: Ensure rails are debris-free
• Monthly: Check alignment of rails
• Maintenance specific to resistance type also applies

Expert Tip: "The single most important maintenance practice is wiping down the seat rail after every use. Sweat is remarkably corrosive, and this simple habit can double the lifespan of your rolling mechanism."